Colorectal cancer risk assessment model is an important method to identify high-risk groups of colorectal cancer in colorectal cancer screening. In recent years， fecal immunochemical test （FIT） and gut microbiota have become research hotspots. Domestic and foreign scholars have established a variety of colorectal cancer risk assessment models based on FIT and gut microbiota， including colorectal cancer risk assessment models based on FIT， colorectal cancer risk assessment models based on gut microbiota， and colorectal cancer risk assessment models based on FIT and gut microbiota. The above assessment models are helpful for colorectal cancer screening and early diagnosis and treatment. Among the existing assessment models， the FIT combined with gut microbiota assessment model has shown a high diagnostic efficiency for colorectal cancer， which is expected to become a valuable non-invasive screening method for colorectal cancer.