Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death mediated by the Gasdermin family of proteins，which is different from apoptosis and necrosis and accompanied by the release of a large number of pro-inflammatory factors. Leukemia is a malignant proliferative disease derived from hematopoietic stem cells，the pathogenesis and progression of which are related to many factors. In recent years，with the in-depth study on the mechanism of pyroptosis，it has been found that pyroptosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of leukemia. Further study of the mechanism of pyroptosis in leukemia can provide a new idea for the diagnosis and treatment of leukemia.